C.K.K.K.+4.3

toc =**Section 3 (4-3) Mineral Resources**=

**Vocabulary**
gemstone- a mineral that has color/s and it is very hard. ore- a mineral that can be used to different things such as metals. smelting- a process that separates the useable metal from the other non-useful elements from ore. alloy- a metal which is mixed by some other minerals or metals.

**The Use of Minerals**

 * People use Minerals everywhere.
 * Mineral can be used for many things such as gemstone for jewelry, metal for machines, and quartz for watches.
 * Gemstomes
 * Gemstones are the mineral that are hard and colorful.
 * It has brilliant, or glassy luster.
 * People value gemstones for many different reasons.
 * It is because of color, luster, and its rarity.
 * Gemstones which is cut, and polished is called gem.
 * It is used for jewelry, decoration, mechanical parts, grinding, and polishing.
 * Metals
 * Some minerals are the source of metals.
 * Metals is very useful because it can be streched, flattened, hammered, and also molded.
 * Other Useful Minerals
 * There are a lot of other different useful minerals other than gemstones and metals.
 * They can be used in food, medicine, fertilizers, building materials, and much other.
 * For example, talc can be used in talcum powder, fluorite is important in making aluminum, and steel, and calcite can be used in optical instruments.

**Ores**

 * Ore is a rock that contains useful minerals and/or metals.
 * The metal in ore usually does not occur in pure form.

**Prospecting**

 * Prospector is anyone who searches for a certain ore deposit.
 * Prospector look for certain features.
 * They examine plants growing in the area,and tests streams for a certain presence of certain chemicals.

**Mining**

 * There are three types of mining.
 * Strip Mines
 * Strip mines uses earthmoving equipment to expose ore to the surface.
 * Open Pit Mines
 * Open pit mine digs a tremendous pit to remove ore deposits which is near the surface, but may extends for hundreds of meters.
 * Some are more than kilometers wide and nearly as deep.
 * Shaft Mines
 * Shaft mines have a networks of tunnel.
 * Shaft mines follows the veins of ore.
 * By following, it extends deep in the ground.
 * Mining can harm the environment.
 * Strip and open pit mines leave scars on the ground.
 * Waste materials from mining can pollute rivers and lakes.

**Smelting**

 * smelting needed after digging ore
 * smelting removes metal from ore
 * smelting is used worldwide
 * metals come from ores
 * there is another process needed
 * the impurites have to be removed from iron
 * alloy
 * steel