PSNB+2.3

toc =2.3 Earthquake Hazards and Safety=


 * Liquefaction:** The time when an earthquakes tremendous shaking all of a sudden turns detached soil into liquid mud.
 * Aftershock:** An earthquake that happens after a bigger earthquake has happened in the same place.
 * Tsunami:** When an earthquake is too strong, some of the water is moved to from larger waves, called tsunamis.
 * Base-isolated building:** A building that is made to decrease the amount of energy that gets or reaches the building in an earthquake.

How Earthquakes Cause Damage

 * Can topple buildings, create fires, landslides, avalanches, etc.
 * Local Soil Conditions**
 * Loose soil shakes more than hard rock when seismic waves reach them.
 * House built on rock will shake less than house built on loose soil
 * Liquefaction**
 * When quake suddenly shakes loose soil, it turns into liquid mud
 * Liquefaction can cause landslides
 * Aftershocks**
 * Earthquake that happens after first one; can strike from hours to months later
 * Tsunamis**
 * When quake happens underwater it pushes water aside, making waves
 * Waves grow larger/taller as they reach shore. Create damage.

Making Buildings Safer

 * Buildings should be flexible
 * old buildings should be changed to withstand quakes

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