PSNB+2.4

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Devices that can Monitor Faults

 * Scientists make instruments to measure stress and deformation
 * No one can predict earthquakes, only get an idea of it's arrival
 * Creep Meters**
 * Measures horizontal movement
 * Measures how much weight moved against measuring scale
 * uses wire attached to anchor post on one side, weight on the other side
 * when fault moves, it triggers wire and wire triggers weight.
 * weight movement then gets recorded on measuring scale
 * Laser Ranging Devices**


 * Laser beam is sent out across fault**
 * beam reflects off reflector and comes back
 * scientists check if it takes longer for beam to return
 * if so, there is plate movement
 * Tiltmeters**
 * Measures when ground tilts
 * two bulbs connected by a hollow tube
 * water travels from one bulb, through the tube, and to the other bulb when plate moves
 * scientists look at scales on bulb to see fault movement
 * Satellite Monitors**
 * Sends sound waves to fault, they bounce back.
 * scientists check the difference between the time it bounces back
 * scientists check the difference between the time it bounces back

Monitoring Risk in the United States

 * Locate where faults are active
 * Locate where earthquakes have already happened

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