KYTL+1.1

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Vocabulary

 * Geologists:** scientists who study the forces that make and shape the Earth
 * Geology**: the study of planet Earth
 * Constructive forces**: forces that build up landmasses like mountains
 * Destructive forces**: forces that slowly wear away mountains and surface such as what an ocean does
 * Continents**: seven large landmasses on earth
 * Seismic waves**: waves that move through the Earth's interior
 * Pressure**: force pushing on a surface or area
 * Crust**: layer of rock that makes up the Earth's outer skin
 * Basalt**: dark, dense rock that forms the oceanic crust
 * Granite**: rock with larger crystals that is less dense than basalt and makes up the continental crust
 * Mantle**: layer of hot rock below the crust
 * Lithosphere**: means "**stone**" and is the mantle and crust together
 * Asthenosphere**: means "**weak**" soft rock material that can flow slowly
 * Outer core**: layer of **molten** metal that surrounds the inner core
 * Inner core**: dense ball of **solid** metal

Science of Geology

 * studying surface changes
 * surface always changing
 * finding indirect evidence
 * cannot see inside earth
 * use seismic waves
 * speed of waves tells the material

Center of the Earth

 * temperature
 * surface rock is cool
 * 20 meters/warmer
 * every 40 meters 1 degree Celsius hotter
 * boy that's hot
 * pressure
 * deeper you the greater the pressure

The crust

 * you can find rocks and mountains
 * crust ranges from 5 to 40 kilometers thick
 * crust beneath ocean is oceanic crust

The mantle

 * lithosphere averages about 100 kilometers thick

The core

 * outer core
 * behaves like a thick liquid
 * inner core
 * extreme pressure squeezes the atoms of iron and nickel so much that they cannot spread out and become liquid

Earth's magnetic field

 * currents in the outer core forces the inner core to spin
 * inner core spins faster than the rest of the planets