C.K.K.K.+2.1

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=**Section1 (2-1) Earth's Crust in Motion**=

**Vocabulary**
earthquake- the shaking and trembling that results from the movement of rock beneath the Earth's surface stress- a force that acts on rock to charge its shape or volume shearing- stress that pushes a mass of rock in two opposite directions tension- pulls in a crust, streching the rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle compression- squeezes rock until it folds or breaks deformation- any change in the volume or shape of Earth's crust fault- a break in earth's crust where slabs of crust slip past each other strike-slip fault- the rock on either side of the fault slip past each othersideways with little up-or-down motion normal fault- the fault is at angle, so one bolck of rock lies above the fault while the other block lies below the fault hanging wall- the half of the fault that lies above foot wall- the half of the fault that lies below reverse fault- has a same structure as a normal fault, but the rocks move in opposite direction folds- bends in rock that form when compression shortens and thickens part of Earth'sw crust anticline- a fold in rock that bends upward into an arch syncline- a fold in rock that bends downward plateau- a large area of flat land elevated high above sea level

**Stress in the Crust**

 * The movements of earth's crust creates a powerful force
 * The force squeeze, or pull rocks in the crust
 * three forces are examples of stress
 * Stress can change the volume, or the shape of the rock

**Type of stress**

 * There are three types of stress
 * shearing
 * Shearing pushes rock in two opposite directions
 * It can cause rock to break, slip apart, and change its shape and volume
 * tension
 * tension pulls crust, and streches rock


 * deformation
 * Deformation is a any change in volume, or shape in Earth's crust

**Kinds of faults**

 * Strike- slip fault
 * shearing creates this fault
 * the rocks on each side of the fault slip past each other
 * strike- slip fault is same as transform boundry
 * Normal fault
 * tension creates this fault.
 * The normal fault is at the angle.
 * Foot wall is on the top and hanging wall lies below.
 * The hanging wall slips downward and foot wall goes up.
 * Reverse fault
 * Compression creates the reverse fault.
 * It is same structure as the normal fault, but the hanging wall goes up and foot wall slips downward.
 * It is same structure as the normal fault, but the hanging wall goes up and foot wall slips downward.

**Friction Along faults**

 * Fault has low friction and rocks on either side slide past each other.
 * If it is high friction, rocks on either side don't move.

**Mountain Building**

 * Some of the mountains are formed by faulting.
 * Normal fault uplifts the rock and the fault- block mountain forms.
 * Fault block mountain forms
 * Mountains are created by the folding of the rock
 * mountains are made by compression
 * Anticline and Synclines
 * anticlines fold upward
 * synclines fold downward
 * Plateaus
 * are elevated high above sea level
 * a large are of flat land

**Diagram of normal fault**
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