JBTC1.1

toc

back to home page

Notes 1.1

 * Geologists:** scientists who study the forces that make and shape the earth
 * Geology**: the study of planet Earth
 * constructive forces**: forces that build up landmasses like mountains
 * destructive forces**: forces that slowly wear away mountains and surface such as what an ocean does
 * continents**: seven large landmasses on earth
 * seismic waves**: waves that move through the Earth's interior
 * pressure**: force pushing on a surface or area
 * crust**: layer of rock that makes up the Earth's outer skin
 * basalt**: dark, dense rock that forms the oceanic crust
 * granite**: rock with larger crystals that is less dense than basalt and makes up the continental crust
 * mantle**: layer of hot rock below the crust
 * lithosphere**: means "**stone**" and is the mantle and crust together
 * asthenosphere**: means "**weak**" soft rock material that can flow slowly
 * outer core**: layer of **molten** metal that surrounds the inner core
 * inner core**: dense ball of **solid** metal

Science of Geology

 * studying surface changes
 * surface always changing
 * finding indirect evidence
 * cannot see inside earth
 * use seismic waves
 * speed of waves tells the material

Center of the Earth

 * temperature
 * surface rock is cool
 * 20 meters/warmer
 * every 40 meters 1 degree celsius hotter
 * boy, that's hot
 * pressure
 * the deeper you go the greater the pressure

The crust

 * continental
 * granite
 * light colored rock
 * oceanic
 * basalt